![]() ![]() When the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out in the 180s, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei joined a volunteer militia formed by Liu Bei, and they assisted a colonel Zou Jing in suppressing the revolt. He fled from his hometown for unknown reasons and went to Zhuo Commandery. He was very studious, and was interested in the ancient history book Zuo zhuan and could fluently recite lines from it. ![]() His original courtesy name was Changsheng ( 長生). ![]() Guan Yu was from Xie County ( 解縣), Hedong Commandery, which is present-day Yuncheng, Shanxi. Early life and career Liu Bei (left), Guan Yu (back), and Zhang Fei (right) in an illustration by Japanese painter Sakurai Sekkan (1715–90) In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Guan Yu's weapon was a guandao named Green Dragon Crescent Blade, which resembled a glaive and was said to weigh 82 catties (about 49.2 kg or 108.4674 lbs). In illustrations of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Guan Yu is traditionally depicted wearing a green robe over his body armour. He had a dignified air and looked quite majestic."Īlternatively, the idea of his red face could have been borrowed from opera representation, where red faces represented loyalty and righteousness. " Xuande took a look at the man, who stood at a height of nine chi, and had a two chi long beard his face was of the colour of a dark zao, with lips that were red and plump his eyes were like those of a crimson phoenix, and his eyebrows resembled reclining silkworms. The idea of his red face may have been derived from a description of him in Chapter 1 of the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, where the following passage appears: Traditionally, Guan Yu is portrayed as a red-faced warrior with a long, lush beard. However, the Sanguozhi recorded that Zhuge Liang once referred to Guan Yu as having a "peerless beard". No explicit descriptions of Guan Yu's physical appearance exist in historical records. One of the earliest illustrations of Guan Yu discovered. ![]() Physical appearance Woodblock print of Guan Yu found in Khara-Khoto. Some alternative texts used in the annotations to Guan Yu's biography include: Shu Ji ( Records of Shu), by Wang Yin Wei Shu ( Book of Wei), by Wang Chen, Xun Yi and Ruan Ji Jiang Biao Zhuan, by Yu Pu Fu Zi, by Fu Xuan Dianlue, by Yu Huan Wu Li ( History of Wu), by Hu Chong and Chronicles of Huayang, by Chang Qu. During the fifth century, Pei Songzhi annotated the Sanguozhi by incorporating information from other sources to Chen Shou's original work and adding his personal comments. The authoritative historical source on Guan Yu's life is the Records of the Three Kingdoms ( Sanguozhi) written by Chen Shou in the third century. He is a deity worshipped in Chinese folk religion, popular Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism, and small shrines to him are almost ubiquitous in traditional Chinese shops and restaurants. In religious devotion he is reverentially called the "Emperor Guan" ( Guān Dì) or "Lord Guan" ( Guān Gōng). He is still worshipped by many Chinese people today. Through generations of storytelling, culminating in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, his deeds and moral qualities have been given immense emphasis, making Guan Yu one of East Asia's most popular paradigms of loyalty and righteousness. Guan Yu's life was lionised and his achievements glorified to such an extent after his death that he was deified during the Sui dynasty. He was subsequently captured in an ambush by Sun Quan's forces and executed. By the time Guan Yu found out about the loss of Jing Province after his defeat at Fancheng, it was too late. In 219, while he was away fighting Cao Cao's forces at the Battle of Fancheng, Liu Bei's ally Sun Quan broke the Sun–Liu alliance and sent his general Lü Meng to conquer Liu Bei's territories in Jing Province. After Liu Bei gained control of Yi Province in 214, Guan Yu remained in Jing Province to govern and defend the area for about seven years. While he is remembered for his loyalty towards Liu Bei, he is also known for repaying Cao Cao's kindness by slaying Yan Liang, a general under Cao Cao's rival Yuan Shao, at the Battle of Boma. Guan Yu played a significant role in the events leading up to the end of the Han dynasty and the establishment of Liu Bei's state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. Along with Zhang Fei, he shared a brotherly relationship with Liu Bei and accompanied him on most of his early exploits. Guan Yu ( ⓘ d. January or February 220 ), courtesy name Yunchang, was a Chinese military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Guan's name in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters ![]()
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